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这下面是1岁小孩的发育情况,对照一下。
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
They may grow less quickly than during infancy.
They may eat less, but they tend to eat frequently throughout the day.
Most walk without support by 14 months.
Most walk backward and up steps by 22 months.
They get better at feeding themselves, although spills should still be expected.
They drink from a cup with help.
They can stack blocks.
They can scribble.
SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
They want to do things independently.
Temper tantrums are common.
They enjoy playing by themselves or beside (not with) other children.
They have difficulty sharing toys. They may be possessive.
They cannot remember rules.
They view themselves as the center of the world.
They become increasingly more self-aware. They begin to express new emotions such as jealousy, affection, pride, and shame.
They show increasing fears.
They may continuously ask for their parents.
They have rapid mood shifts. Their emotions are usually very intense but short-lived.
Routines are very important.
INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT
They are curious.
They point to objects that they want.
They imitate animal sounds.
They name familiar people and objects.
They combine two words to form a basic sentence.
They use the pronouns me and mine.
They use "no" frequently.
They name body parts and familiar pictures.
They use objects for their intended purpose.
They begin to include a second person in pretend play.
Their attention span is short.
They can hold a pencil and scribble.
They are very active.
Because of their developing imagination, they have trouble knowing what is real and what is pretend.
ACTIVITIES TO TRY
1. Take some time to watch your toddlers playing. Notice the differences in their physical development: height, weight, how they relate to you and to other children, and their energy levels. Some children seem to never sit still, while others seem happy to sit down with a book.
2. Toddlers learn by exploring and experimenting. They love to do things over and over. Some activities that toddlers enjoy are listed below.
ONE-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN
Roll a ball to them to catch.
Provide blocks for them to build with.
Provide safe mirrors for them to look at themselves in. Talk with them about their reflections in the mirror.
Let them fill containers over and over again.
Have them listen and move to music.
Play hide and seek.
Let them push or pull a favorite toy.
Provide wheeled toys without pedals.
Look at picture books with them and talk about the pictures.
Talk about the size, shape, and texture of everyday objects.
Make comparisons such as "this ball is bigger than that ball."
Talk about cause-and-effect relationships such as "if you push this block, the whole pile of blocks will fall over." |
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