掌握Phonics自然拼读法，给孩子一个国际化的未来

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英语的拼读能力是阅读能力的基础，当学生拼读与拼写单词的能力达到 “见词能读，听音能写”的程度后，就可以很快地进行阅读教学，在大量的阅读中扩充单词，熟习语法，培养语感，从而进一步促进听说能力的发展。

What's Phonics 字母拼读是什么？
Phonics，即字母拼读法（又译自然拼音）是自然形成的一种发音规则，它主要教授英文字母（letter）与语音（sound）间的对应关系，是美国、加拿大本土孩子的必修课程。在初级英语中70%的单词在拼读时都是有规律可循的。一旦掌握了这种发音规则就不必去翻查字典而能够顺利地将单词读出。一旦孩子们学习了这种不用音标的发音规律可以很快学会拼读不认识的单词，提前进入阅读领域，使英语学习变得简单、快乐、有趣。


为什么从小就要学 Phonics？
Phonics教学在美国，至少已经有百年以上的历史了。适当的Phonics教学，一直被认为是最有效、最直接教授母语阅读的方法。美国学者Adams（1990）在PhonicsInstruction for the Nineties 里指出，出现在初级阅读材料中的词汇，其语音和字母间的对应关系相当稳定。孩子通常能从出现频率最高的37个音组中，拼出大约500个最常使用的词汇。




国际音标 和 Phonics 的区别？
国际音标如同中文的拼音系统，是另外形成的辅助系统，是为母语不是英语的学习者所服务的。整个系统完整但规则相对抽象，对非母语系学习者确实相当有帮助。但学习一套全新的符号及其发音规则，即便是对小学高年级或初中生都不是很容易，更别说刚接触26个字母的幼儿了。

Phonics 属于英语拼字系统的内在机制，经过百多年来的发展和完善，已是美国孩子的必学课程。Phonics 更注重英文字母和其发音的对应关系，可以迅速提升英语阅读能力。对于英语为母语的学习者，因为有口语优势，在发现字母和发音的对应关系后，只要能把字的音念出来，就很容易联想到该字的意思，能直接认字或拼字。而中国孩子虽然没有母语背景，但Phonics 对于帮助认字、拼字、提高阅读能力，及 从小教授正确英语发音方面仍然具有巨大的积极意义。

总的来说，这两者对中国学习者都是不可或缺的，只是适合学习的年龄段有所不同而已。只掌握音标，会造成现在很多中国孩子都有的碰到生词就无法开口的现象。要知道除了字典，很少有国外书籍或绘本、读本会标注音标哦，无法发音就会严重破坏阅读的流畅性，进而影响到孩子的学习兴趣。若是能从幼儿阶段引入易学实用的Phonics，小学阶段再系统学习国际音标，将使孩子受用终身！



英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法
第一阶：建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。
第二阶：能够成功拼读元音+辅音（辅音+元音）。如：c-a ca a-t at
第三阶：能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-g dog
第四阶：能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-ersweater
第五阶：能够听音辨字，即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。
第六阶：单词量大量扩充，能够阅读英语文章。

1. 自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。
2. 第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习，如： Sam, cat, mat, 等等．
3. 第三步, 是固定读音的单词 : the, a,is, to, have 等.
4. 第四步，是一个单词里有两个元音时，前边一个元音发字母音， 后边一个元音不发音，如： make,made, sea, five, nine, road等等．
5. 第五步, 是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack), str(eet)等；有一些辅音不发音，如： ghost, comb, lamb等；要掌握一下和"h"联在一起的发音： ch, sh, th, wh。
6. 第六步，是特殊读法：
单音节词，以元音结尾， 这个元音发字母音． 如：me, hi, go 等等
Irregular: ar (car), ay (hay,may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew (new), er (sister, brother), ur (burn,hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn), eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy (boy),ow等有其特别的发音．"c" 和 "k" 在一起时， 发一个音: quick, black等.


自然拼音拼读练习表


First day：a e i o u a_e e_e i_e o_e u_e
Aa: mat map bagcat hat fan bat apple
Ee: eggwell red pen net hen bed bell
Ii: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill
Oo: oxon octopus box sock operate ostrich
Uu: sunumbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under
Aa: cape name tape lake game maketake hate
Ese: these Japanese Chinese
li: bite five nine kite mine niceride side


Second day:ai ay ee ea ey ie ighoa ow ui ue
ai: tailrain paint pain jail rail nail maid
ay: bayray way say hay pay May lay
ee: reedseel bee peel jeep feet see teeth
ea: seameat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea
ey: donkeymonkey jockey turkey monkey hockey key trolley
ie: tiepie lie die
igh: rightsight night tight hight fight high sigh
oa: roadtoast toad coal goat boat coat soap
ow: rainbowpillow yellow window bowl row hollow low
ui: suitjuice fruit
ue: Sueblue glue true


Third day:ar er ir ur or
ar: arm cararmchair card cart farm park garden
er: sisterbrother under rooster winter mermaid marker mother
ir: birthdaycircus dirty bird circle dirt girl
ur: turtlesurfing turkey fur hurt purse nurse
or: porchpork horse horn fort morning corn fork


Fourth dayu ow oi oy auaw oo oo ea
ou: houseout mouth count fountain mountain shout mouse
ow: cowtowel clown owl crown brown flower tower
oi: coinoil point noise boil soil poison coil
oy: oysterboy cowboy soy toy
au: augustsause sausage naughty autumn applause
aw: pawdraw saw straw strawberry lawn
oo: moonzoo roof rooster boots food spoon room cool fool boom foolish
oo: bookcook good foot look hook
ea: headsweater sweat pear lead bear leather feather


Fifth Day: ch sh wh ph th th knwr mb
ch: beachlunch cheese bench church chicken chair cherry
sh: sheepshirt ship fish dish push shoes shovel
wh: whalewhite wheel wheat whip whistle wheelchair whisper
ph: photoelephant telephone trophy pharmacy alphabet
th: brotherfeather leather father mother
th: thumbthree bathmat thirsty thief bath mouth teeth
kn: knobknee knife knock knit
wr: wristwrinkle wrap wreath write
mb: thumb lambbomb comb crumb numb


Sixth day:bl fl pl cl gl br cr gr pr fr tr dr
bl: blueblack blouse bloom bleach blanket blonde hair
fl: flat flu flyflame flute floor flag flower
pl: planeplay plus planet platform plum plate plant
cl: clock cloudclean clay climb close clap clown
gl: gloveglobe glass glue glasses glider
br: brightbrook brim bride brown bread brick brother
cr: crowncrab cream crow crayon crocodile cry croissant
gr: graygreen grass grapes ground grow grandma
pr: prixeprice prawn press prince princess pray
fr: frogfrost Friday French fries fruit front friend frame
tr: tractortruck train tray tree triangle trunk trolley
dr: dreamdrum dry drop draw drive dress drink


Seventh day:sm sn sl sw sp st sc sk all ew y
sm: smilesmall smell smoke smooth
sn: snowmansnow snore snake snail sneakers sneakers snack
sl: slowslap sleep slide slope sled
sw: switchswallow swan swim sweet swing sweater sweat
sp: spiderspaceship spinach spoon spell
st: stockingsstore star stamp storm stick student stand
sc: scarfscooter scanner scarecrow scale scorpion scoop
sk: skunkskis skirt skates
all: calltall fall ball wall
ew: dew fewview hew new nephew newspaper
Yy: sky flydry spy type shy cry my
Yy : Minysunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happy baby




自然拼音强化练习：Tongue twister
1.A big black bear sat on abig black bug.
2.A big black bug bit a bigblack dog on his big black nose!
3.Cat, Cat, catch that fatrat.
4.A fat cat catches a madrat.
5.Blue glue gun, green gluegun.
6.Black background, brownbackground.
7.A noisy noise annoys anoyster.
8.A good cook can cook goodcookies.
9.At noon I took a good book，and sat by the pool in the wood.I soon tookoff my boot.And put my foot in the pool.Oh! How cool, how cool.
10.The hunter and his hugehorse hide behind in house.
11. Betty better butterBrad's bread.
12.Two tiny tigers take twotaxis to town.
13.The first is the first.Thethird is the third.The third can be the first, The first can be the third.
14.Sir, this girl wearing adirty skirt is not the first, but the third.
15.A flea and a fly flew upin a flue. Said the flea, "Let us fly!" Said the fly, "Let usflee!" So they flew through a flaw in the flue.
16. I wish you were a fish inmy dish.
17.Jean's three sheep arenear the green jeep.
18.There are thirty -threethousand three hundred and thirty-three feathers on that bird's throat.
19.Neither father nor mother likes this weather.
20.It’s a goat,sitting in aboat,wearing a coat and writing a note.It’s a bear,sitting on a chair,holding apear and combing its hair.It’s a cock,sitting on a rock,wearing a sock andlooking at a clock.It’s a fly,wearing a tie,holding a pie and waving good bye.

流光菲舞

终于对如何实施P有个框架认识了