国外地震的防范，抱歉，英文的

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During an EarthquakeIndoor SafetyThere are actions you can take, even while an earthquake is happening, that will reduce your chances of being hurt. Lights may be out, and hallways, stairs, and room exits may be blocked by fallen furniture, ceiling tiles, and other debris. Planning for these situations will help you to take action quickly.
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If an earthquake strikes, you may be able to take cover under a heavy desk or table. It can provide you with air space if the building collapses. If you get under a table and it moves, try to move with it.
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Inner walls or door frames are the least likely to collapse and may also shield against falling objects. If other cover is not available, go to an inner corner or doorway, away from windows or glass panels.
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Stay away from glass and hanging objects, and bookcases, china cabinets, or other large furniture that could fall. Watch for falling objects, such as bricks from fireplaces and chimneys, light fixtures, wall hangings, high shelves, and cabinets with doors that could swing open.
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Grab something to shield your head and face from falling debris and broken glass.
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If the lights go out, use a battery-operated flashlight. Don't use candles, matches, or lighters during or after the earthquake. If there is a gas leak, an explosion could result.
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If you are in the kitchen, quickly turn off the stove and take cover at the first sign of shaking.
High-Rise Buildings Get under a desk and stay away from windows and outside walls. Stay in the building. The electricity may go out, and the sprinkler systems may come on. DO NOT use the elevators.
Crowded Indoor Public Places If you are in a crowded public place, do not rush for the doorways. Others will have the same idea. Move away from display shelves containing objects that may fall. If you can, take cover and grab something to shield your head and face from falling debris and glass.
Outdoor Safety If outdoors, move away from buildings and utility wires. The greatest danger from falling debris is just outside doorways and close to outer walls. Once in the open, stay there until the shaking stops.
AutomobilesIf you are in a moving automobile, stop as quickly and safely as possible and move over to the shoulder or curb, away from utility poles, overhead wires, and under- or overpasses. Stay in the vehicle, set the parking brake, and turn on the radio for emergency broadcast information. A car may jiggle violently on its springs, but it is a good place to stay until the shaking stops. If you are in a life-threatening situation, you may be able to reach someone with either a cellular or an emergency roadside assistance phone.
When you drive on, watch for hazards created by the earthquake, such as breaks in the pavement, downed utility poles and wires, a fallen overpasses and bridges.
What You Need to Know When the Power Goes Out Unexpectedly
Food SafetyIf the power is out for less than 2 hours, then the food in your refrigerator and freezer will be safe to consume. While the power is out, keep the refrigerator and freezer doors closed as much as possible to keep food cold for longer.
If the power is out for longer than 2 hours, follow the guidelines below:

• For the Freezer section: A freezer that is half full will hold food safely for up to 24 hours. A full freezer will hold food safely for 48 hours. Do not open the freezer door if you can avoid it.
• For the Refrigerated section: Pack milk, other dairy products, meat, fish, eggs, gravy, and spoilable leftovers into a cooler surrounded by ice. Inexpensive Styrofoam coolers are fine for this purpose.
• Use a food thermometer to check the temperature of your food right before you cook or eat it. Throw away any food that has a temperature of more than 40 degrees Fahrenheit.

For guidelines on refreezing food when the power comes back on, visit the Food Safety and Inspection Service’s page on Food Safety in an Emergency.
The following resources provide additional information on preparing for emergencies and determining if your food is safe after a power outage:

• Food Safety After a Power Outage, American Red Cross
  Provides tips on safely storing your food and a chart to help you determine if your food is still safe.
• Keeping Food Safe in an Emergency, United States Department of Agriculture
  Fact sheet and FAQs on food and water safety including guidance on when to discard perishable foods.
• Being Prepared, American Red CrossComprehensive site on preparing for emergencies including power outages.
• Food Safety Office, CDC
  Comprehensive food safety information.

Safe Drinking WaterWhen power goes out, water purification systems may not be functioning fully. Safe water for drinking, cooking, and personal hygiene includes bottled, boiled, or treated water. Your state, local, or tribal health department can make specific recommendations for boiling or treating water in your area. Here are some general rules concerning water for drinking, cooking, and personal hygiene. Remember:

• Do not use contaminated water to wash dishes, brush your teeth, wash and prepare food, wash your hands, make ice, or make baby formula. If possible, use baby formula that does not need to have water added. You can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer to wash your hands.
• If you use bottled water, be sure it came from a safe source. If you do not know that the water came from a safe source, you should boil or treat it before you use it. Use only bottled, boiled, or treated water until your supply is tested and found safe.
• Boiling water, when practical, is the preferred way to kill harmful bacteria and parasites. Bringing water to a rolling boil for 1 minute will kill most organisms.
• When boiling water is not practical, you can treat water with chlorine tablets, iodine tablets, or unscented household chlorine bleach (5.25% sodium hypochlorite):
  • If you use chlorine tablets or iodine tablets, follow the directions that come with the tablets.
  • If you use household chlorine bleach, add 1/8 teaspoon (~0.75 mL) of bleach per gallon of water if the water is clear. For cloudy water, add 1/4 teaspoon (~1.50 mL) of bleach per gallon. Mix the solution thoroughly and let it stand for about 30 minutes before using it.

Note: Treating water with chlorine tablets, iodine tablets, or liquid bleach will not kill parasitic organisms.
Use a bleach solution to rinse water containers before reusing them. Use water storage tanks and other types of containers with caution. For example, fire truck storage tanks and previously used cans or bottles may be contaminated with microbes or chemicals. Do not rely on untested devices for decontaminating water.
Extreme Heat and ColdHeatBe aware of yours and others’ risk for heat stroke, heat exhaustion, heat cramps and fainting. To avoid heat stress, you should:

• Drink a glass of fluid every 15 to 20 minutes and at least one gallon each day.
  • Avoid alcohol and caffeine. They both dehydrate the body.
• Wear light-colored, loose-fitting clothing.
• When indoors without air conditioning, open windows if outdoor air quality permits and use fans.
• Take frequent cool showers or baths.
• If you feel dizzy, weak, or overheated, go to a cool place. Sit or lie down, drink water, and wash your face with cool water. If you don't feel better soon, get medical help quickly.
• Work during cooler hours of the day when possible, or distribute the workload evenly throughout the day.

Heat stroke is the most serious heat illness. It happens when the body can’t control its own temperature and its temperature rises rapidly. Sweating fails and the body cannot cool down. Body temperature may rise to 106°F or higher within 10 to 15 minutes. Heat stroke can cause death or permanent disability if emergency care is not given.
Warning signs of heat stroke vary but can include:

• Red, hot, and dry skin (no sweating)
• Rapid, strong pulse
• Throbbing headache
• Dizziness, nausea, confusion, or unconsciousness
• An extremely high body temperature (above 103°F)

If you suspect someone has heat stroke, follow these instructions:

• Immediately call for medical attention.
• Get the person to a cooler area.
• Cool the person rapidly by immersing him/her cool water or a cool shower, or spraying or sponging him/her with cool water. If the humidity is low, wrap the person in a cool, wet sheet and fan him/her vigorously.
• Monitor body temperature and continue cooling efforts until the body temperature drops to 101-102°F.
• Do not give the person alcohol to drink. Get medical assistance as soon as possible.
• If emergency medical personnel do not arrive quickly, call the hospital emergency room for further instructions.

For more information on heat-related illnesses and treatment, see the CDC Extreme Heat website. Information for workers can be found on the NIOSH webpage Working in Hot Environments.
These resources also provide information about extreme heat:

• Public Health Issues Related to Summertime Blackouts
• Heat Stress, NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)
  Comprehensive heat-induced occupational illness and injury information.

ColdHypothermia happens when a person’s core body temperature is lower than 35°C (95°F). Hypothermia has three levels: acute, subacute, or chronic.

• Acute hypothermia is caused by a rapid loss of body heat, usually from immersion in cold water.
• Subacute hypothermia often happens in cool outdoor weather (below 10°C or 50°F) when wind chill, wet or too little clothing, fatigue, and/or poor nutrition lower the body’s ability to cope with cold.
• Chronic hypothermia happens from ongoing exposure to cold indoor temperatures (below 16°C or 60°F). The poor, the elderly, people who have hypothyroidism, people who take sedative-hypnotics, and drug and alcohol abusers are prone to chronic hypothermia, and they typically:
  • misjudge cold
  • move slowly
  • have poor nutrition
  • wear too little clothing
  • have poor heating system

Causes of Hypothermia

• Cold temperatures
• Improper clothing, shelter, or heating
• Wetness
• Fatigue, exhaustion
• Poor fluid intake (dehydration)
• Poor food intake
• Alcohol intake

Preventing Hypothermia

• Everyone, especially the elderly and ill, should have adequate food, clothing, shelter, and sources of heat.
• Electric blankets can help, even in poorly heated rooms.
• Wear layers of clothing, which help to keep in body heat.
• Move around. Physical activity raises body temperature.

Water cooler than 75°F (24°C) removes body heat more rapidly than can be replaced. The result is hypothermia. To avoid hypothermia:

• Avoid swimming or wading in water if possible.
  • If entering water is necessary:
• Wear high rubber boots in water.
• Ensure clothing and boots have adequate insulation.
• Avoid working/playing alone.
• Take frequent breaks out of the water.
• Change into dry clothing when possible.

Helping Someone Who Is Hypothermic As the body temperature decreases, the person will be less awake and aware and may be confused and disoriented. Because of this, even a mildly hypothermic person might not think to help himself/herself.

• Even someone who shows no signs of life should be brought quickly and carefully to a hospital or other medical facility.
• Do not rub or massage the skin.
• People who have severe hypothermia must be carefully rewarmed and their temperatures must be monitored.
  • Do not use direct heat or hot water to warm the person.
• Give the person warm beverages to drink.
• Do not give the person alcohol or cigarettes. Blood flow needs to be improved, and these slow blood flow.

For more information about hypothermia, see Extreme Cold: A Prevention Guide to Promote Your Personal Health and Safety.

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First Aid for Electrical ShockIf you believe someone has been electrocuted take the following steps:

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Look first. Don’t touch. The person may still be in contact with the electrical source. Touching the person may pass the current through you.

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Call or have someone else call 911 or emergency medical help.

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Turn off the source of electricity if possible. If not, move the source away from you and the affected person using a nonconducting object made of cardboard, plastic or wood.

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Once the person is free of the source of electricity, check the person's breathing and pulse. If either has stopped or seems dangerously slow or shallow, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately.

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If the person is faint or pale or shows other signs of shock, lay the person down with the head slightly lower than the trunk of his or her body and the legs elevated.

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Don’t touch burns, break blisters, or remove burned clothing. Electrical shock may cause burns inside the body, so be sure the person is taken to a doctor.

Power Line Hazards and CarsIf a power line falls on a car, you should stay inside the vehicle. This is the safest place to stay. Warn people not to touch the car or the line. Call or ask someone to call the local utility company and emergency services.
The only circumstance in which you should consider leaving a car that is in contact with a downed power line is if the vehicle catches on fire. Open the door. Do not step out of the car. You may receive a shock. Instead, jump free of the car so that your body clears the vehicle before touching the ground. Once you clear the car, shuffle at least 50 feet away, with both feet on the ground.
As in all power line related emergencies, call for help immediately by dialing 911 or call your electric utility company's Service Center/Dispatch Office.
Do not try to help someone else from the car while you are standing on the ground.
Avoid Carbon MonoxideFor important information about the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning during a power outage, see Protect Yourself from Carbon Monoxide Poisoning After an Emergency and Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Fact Sheet (from CDC's National Center for Environmental Health [NCEH]).
Safety at Work During Power RecoveryAs power returns after an outage, people at work may be at risk of electrical or traumatic injuries as power lines are reenergized and equipment is reactivated. CDC recommends that employers and employees be aware of those risks and take protective steps if they are in contact with or in proximity to power lines, electrical components, and the moving parts of heavy machinery. More information on electrical safety is available in our fact sheet on Worker Safety in Power Outages or at www.cdc.gov/niosh/injury/traumaelec.html.
Be Prepared for an EmergencyCDC recommends that people make an emergency plan that includes a disaster supply kit. This kit should include enough water, dried and canned food, and emergency supplies (flashlights, batteries, first-aid supplies, prescription medicines, and a digital thermometer) to last at least 3 days. Use battery-powered flashlights and lanterns, rather than candles, gas lanterns, or torches (to minimize the risk of fire). You can find more information on emergency plans and supply kits at www.ready.gov.

Inspecting for Possible Home Hazards

An important step in earthquake preparedness is to inspect your home and its surroundings for possible hazards and then take action to lessen those hazards. Remember: anything can move, fall, or break during an earthquake or its aftershocks.

The following is a basic checklist to help you identify and correct possible home hazards.

Rooms in the Home

Look for the following hazards in each room:

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Windows and other glass that might shatter

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Unanchored bookcases, cabinets, refrigerators, water heaters, and other furniture that might topple

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Heating units, fireplaces, chimneys, and stoves that could move or fall

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Areas that could be blocked by falling debris

Securing Appliances

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Secure your large appliances with flexible cable, braided wire, or metal strapping.

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Install flexible gas and water connections on all gas appliances. This will significantly reduce your chances of having a major fire after an earthquake.

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Brace and support air conditioners, particularly those on rooftops.

The typical water heater weighs about 450 pounds when full. In an earthquake, the floor on which it is standing tends to move out from under the heater, often causing it to topple. The movement can also break the gas, electric, and water-line connectors, posing fire or electric shock hazards, and can shatter the glass lining within the water heater.

Here are two suggestions on how to secure your water heater:

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Wrap at least a 1 /2-inch wide metal strap around the top of the water heater and attach it to wall studs with 3-inch lag screws. Attach another strap about 2/3 of the way down from the top of the water heater. OR...

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Wrap steel plumber's tape around the entire water heater at least twice. Then secure the tape to two different wall studs with 3-inch lag screws.

Securing Items in the Bathroom

Replace glass bottles from your medicine cabinet and around the bathtub with plastic containers.

Hanging and Overhead Items

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Inspect and anchor overhead light fixtures, such as chandeliers.

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Move heavy mirrors and pictures hanging above beds, chairs, and other places where you sit or sleep. Otherwise, anchor these items with wire through eyescrews bolted into wall studs. Or place screws on both sides, top, and bottom of the frame and screw these into the studs.

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Determine whether the full swing of your hanging lamps or plants will strike a window. If so, move them.

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Secure hanging objects by closing the opening of the hook.

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Replace heavy ceramic or glass hanging planters with light-weight plastic or wicker baskets.

Shelves, Cabinets, and Furniture

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Identify top-heavy, free-standing furniture, such as bookcases and china cabinets, that could topple in an earthquake.

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Secure your furniture by using:

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"L" brackets, corner brackets, or aluminum molding to attach tall or top-heavy furniture to the wall

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eyebolts to secure items located a short distance from the wall

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Attach a wooden or metal guardrail on open shelves to keep items from sliding or falling off. Fishing line can also be used as a less-visible means of securing an item.

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Place heavy or large objects on lower shelves.

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Use Velcro®-type fastenings to secure some items to their shelves.

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Secure your cabinet doors by installing sliding bolts or childproof latches.

Hazardous Materials

Identify poisons, solvents, or toxic materials in breakable containers and move these containers to a safe, well-ventilated storage area. Keep them away from your water storage and out of reach of children and pets.

Inspecting and Securing Your Home's Structure

Examine the structural safety of your house. If your house is of conventional wood construction, it will probably be relatively resistant to earthquake damage, particularly if it is a single-story structure.

For information on structural safety standards and qualified contractors in your area, contact your city or county government office on community development or building code enforcement.

The following suggestions will take an investment of time and money but will add stability to your home. If you want to do the work yourself, many hardware or home-improvement stores will assist you with information and instructions.

Foundation

Check to see if your house or garage is securely fastened to the foundation. (If your house was built before 1950, it probably does not have bolts securing the wood structure to the concrete foundation.) If your house is not secured to the foundation, take the following steps:

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Using a hammer drill and carbide bit, drill a hole through the sill plate into the foundation. Holes should be approximately 6 feet apart.

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Drop a 1/2- x 7-inch expansion bolt into each hole and finish by tightening the nut and washer.

Beams, Posts, Joists, and Plates

Strengthen the areas of connection between beams, posts, joists, and plates using the following hardware:

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"T" and "L" straps

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Mending plates

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Joist hangers

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Twin post caps

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Nails and lag screws

Pay particular attention to exposed framing in garages, basements, porches, and patio covers.

Roof and Chimney

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Check your chimney or roof for loose tiles and bricks that could fall in an earthquake. Repair loose tiles or bricks, as needed.

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Protect yourself from falling chimney bricks that might penetrate the roof, by reinforcing the ceiling immediately surrounding the chimney with 3/4-inch plywood nailed to ceiling joists.

Learning to Shut Off Utilities

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Know where and how to shut off utilities at the main switches or valves. Check with your local utility companies for instructions.

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Teach all family members how and when to shut off utilities.

Gas

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An automatic valve (Earthquake Command System) is commercially available that will turn the gas off for you in the event of an earthquake.

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After an earthquake, DO NOT USE matches, lighters, or appliances, and do not operate light switches until you are sure there are no gas leaks. Sparks from electrical switches could ignite gas, causing an explosion.

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If you smell the odor of gas, or if you notice a large consumption of gas being registered on the gas meter, shut off the gas immediately. First, find the main shut-off valve, located on a pipe next to the gas meter. Use an adjustable wrench to turn the valve to the off position.

Electricity

After a major disaster, shut off the electricity. Sparks from electrical switches could pose a shock or fire hazard. Carefully turn off the electricity at the main electrical breaker in your home.

Water

Water may be turned off at either of two locations:

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At the main meter, which controls the water flow to the entire property; or

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At the water main leading into the home. (Shutting off the water here retains the water supply in your water heater, which may be useful in an emergency.)

Attach a valve wrench to the water line. (This tool can be purchased at most hardware stores.) Also, label the water mains for quick identification.

Be prepared for additional earth movements called "aftershocks." Although most of these are smaller than the main earthquake, some may be large enough to cause additional damage or bring down weakened structures.
Because other aftereffects can include fires, chemical spills, landslides, dam breaks, and tidal waves, be sure to monitor your battery-operated radio or TV for additional emergency information.
After an EarthquakeInjuriesCheck for injuries. Do not attempt to move injured or unconscious people unless they are in immediate danger from live electrical wires, flooding, or other hazards. Internal injuries may not be evident, but may be serious or life-threatening. If someone has stopped breathing, call for medical or first aid assistance immediately and begin CPR if you are trained to do so. Stop a bleeding injury by applying direct pressure to the wound. If you are trapped, try to attract attention to your location.
Checking UtilitiesAn earthquake may break gas, electrical, and water lines. If you smell gas: (1) open windows; (2) shut off the main gas valve; (3) do not turn any electrical appliances or lights on or off; (4) go outside; (5) report the leak to authorities; and (6) do not reenter the building until a utility official says it is safe to do so.
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If electric wiring is shorting out, shut off the electric current at the main box.
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If water pipes are damaged, shut off the supply at the main valve.
Other Precautions·
Have chimneys inspected for cracks and damage. Do not use the fireplace if the chimney has any damage.
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Check to see if sewage lines are intact before using bathrooms or plumbing.
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Do not touch downed powerlines or objects in contact with downed lines. Report electrical hazards to the authorities.
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Immediately clean up spilled medicines, drugs, flammable liquids, and other potentially hazardous materials.
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Stay off all telephones except to report an emergency. Replace telephone receivers that may have been knocked off by the earthquake.
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Stay away from damaged areas. Your presence could hamper relief efforts, and you could endanger yourself.
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Cooperate fully with public safety officials. Respond to requests for volunteer assistance from police, fire fighters, emergency management officials, and relief organizations, but do not go into damaged areas unless assistance has been requested.
Evacuating Your HomeIf you must evacuate you home:
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Post a message, in a prearranged location known only to family members, indicating where you have gone.
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Confine pets to the safest location possible and make sure they have plenty of food and water. Pets will not be allowed in designated public shelters.
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Take vital documents (wills, insurance policies, etc.), emergency supplies, and extra medications with you.

Stock up now on emergency supplies that can be used after an earthquake. These supplies should include a first aid kit, survival kits for the home, automobile, and workplace, and emergency water and food. Store enough supplies to last at least 3 days.

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First Aid Kit

Store your first aid supplies in a tool box or fishing tackle box so they will be easy to carry and protected from water. Inspect your kit regularly and keep it freshly stocked. NOTE: Important medical information and most prescriptions can be stored in the refrigerator, which also provides excellent protection from fires.

Drugs/Medications

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Hydrogen peroxide to wash and disinfect wounds

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Antibiotic ointment

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Individually wrapped alcohol swabs

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Aspirin and non-aspirin tablets

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Prescriptions and any long-term medications (keep these current)

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Diarrhea medicine

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Eye drops

Dressings

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Bandage strips

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Ace bandages

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Rolled gauze

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Cotton-tipped swabs

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Adhesive tape roll

Other First Aid Supplies

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First aid book

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Scissors

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Tweezers

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Thermometer

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Bar soap

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Tissues

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Sunscreen

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Paper cups

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Pocket knife

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Small plastic bags

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Safety pins

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Needle and thread

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Instant cold packs for sprains

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Sanitary napkins

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Splinting materials

Survival Kit for Your Home

Assemble a survival kit for your home with the following items:

Tools and supplies

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ax, shovel, broom

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screwdriver, pliers, hammer, adjustable wrench

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rope for towing or rescue

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plastic sheeting and tape

Items for safety and comfort

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sturdy shoes that can provide protection from broken glass, nails, and other debris

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gloves (heavy and durable for cleaning up debris)

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candles

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waterproof matches

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change of clothing

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knife

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garden hose (for siphoning and firefighting)

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tent

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recreational supplies for children and adults

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blankets or sleeping bags

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portable radio, flashlight, and extra batteries

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essential medications and eyeglasses

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fire extinguisher -- multipurpose, dry chemical type

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food and water for pets

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toilet tissue

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cash

Survival Kit for Your Automobile

Assemble a survival kit for your automobile with the following items. Storing some of these supplies in a small bag or backpack will make them more convenient to carry if you need to walk.

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Blankets

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Bottled water

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Change of clothes

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Coins for telephone calls

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Fire extinguisher -- multipurpose, dry chemical type

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First aid kit and manual

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Emergency signal device (light sticks, battery-type flasher, reflector, etc.)

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Flashlight with fresh batteries

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Food (nonperishable -- nutrition bars, trail mix, etc.)

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Gloves

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Local map and compass

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Rope for towing, rescue, etc.

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Paper and pencils

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Premoistened towelettes

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Prescription medicines

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Battery-operated radio with fresh batteries

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Small mirror for signaling

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Toilet tissue

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Tools (pliers, adjustable wrench, screwdriver, etc.)

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Whistle for signaling

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Jumper cables

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Duct tape

Survival Kit for Your Workplace

Assemble a survival kit for the workplace with the following supplies:

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Food (nonperishable -- nutrition bars, trail mix, etc.)

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Bottled water

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Jacket or sweatshirt

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Pair of sturdy shoes

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Flashlight with fresh batteries

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Battery-operated radio with fresh batteries

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Essential medications

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Blanket

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Small first aid kit

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Extra pair of eyeglasses and/or contact lens solution

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Whistle or other signaling device

People with Special Needs
Persons with DisabilitiesBefore an earthquake:·
Write down any specific needs, limitations, and capabilities that you have, and any medications you take. Make a copy of the list and put it in your purse or wallet.
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Find someone (a spouse, roommate, friend, neighbor, relative, or co-worker) to help you in case of an emergency. Give them the list. You may wish to provide a spare key to your home, or let them know where they can find one in an emergency.
During an earthquake:·
If you are confined to a wheelchair, try to get under a doorway or into an inside corner, lock the wheels, and cover your head with your arms. Remove any items that are not securely attached to the wheelchair.
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If you are able, seek shelter under a sturdy table or desk. Stay away from outer walls, windows, fireplaces, and hanging objects.
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If unable to move from a bed or chair, protect yourself from falling objects by covering up with blankets and pillows.
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If you are outside, go to an open area away from trees, telephone poles, and buildings, and stay there.
After an earthquake:·
If you are trapped, try to attract attention to your location.
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Turn on your battery-operated TV or radio to receive emergency information and instructions.
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If you can, help others in need.
Children's NeedsFear is a normal reaction to danger. A child may be afraid of recurrence, injury, or death after an earthquake. They may fear being separated from their family or being left alone. Children may even interpret disasters as punishment for real or imagined misdeeds. Children will be less likely to experience prolonged fear or anxiety if they know what to expect before, during, and after an earthquake. Talking to children openly will also help them overcome fears.
Here are some suggestions:·
Explain that an earthquake is a natural event and not anyone's fault.
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Talk about your own experiences with natural disasters, or read aloud books about earthquakes.
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Encourage your child to express feelings of fear. Listen carefully and show understanding.
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Your child may need both verbal and physical reassurance that everything will be all right. Tell your child that the situation is not permanent.
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Include your child in clean-up activities. It is comforting to the child to watch the household begin to return to normal and to have a job to do.
NOTE: Symptoms of anxiety may not appear for weeks or even months after an earthquake, and can affect people of any age. If anxiety disrupts daily activities for any member of your family, seek professional assistance through a school counselor, community religious organization, your physician, or a licensed professional listed under "mental health services" in the yellow pages of your telephone directory.

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Being Prepared for an Earthquake

While California has been the state most prone to serious earthquakes in recent years, there are many other fault zones in other areas of the United States. For example, geologists and seismologists have predicted a 97 percent chance of a major earthquake in the New Madrid seismic zone of the central United States (including Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee, and Kentucky) between now and the year 2035. While earthquakes with the power of the one that hit the greater Los Angeles area in January 1994 are fairly rare, less severe earthquakes can interrupt your normal living patterns and cause substantial injury.

During a major earthquake, you may hear a roaring or rumbling sound that gradually grows louder. You may feel a rolling sensation that starts out gently and, within a second or two, grows violent.

OR . . .

You may first be jarred by a violent jolt. A second or two later, you may feel shaking and find it difficult to stand up or move from one room to another.

The real key to surviving an earthquake and reducing your risk of injury lies in planning, preparing, and practicing what you and your family will do if it happens.

Practice Drills

By planning and practicing what to do if an earthquake strikes, you and your family can learn to react correctly and automatically when the shaking begins. During an earthquake, most deaths and injuries are caused by collapsing building materials and heavy falling objects, such as bookcases, cabinets, and heating units. Learn the safe spots in each room of your home. If you have children, get the entire family to practice going to these locations. Participating in an earthquake drill will help children understand what to do in case you are not with them during an earthquake.

Make sure you and your child also understand the school's emergency procedures for disasters. This will help you coordinate where, when, and how to reunite with your child after an earthquake.

During your earthquake drill:

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Get under a sturdy table or desk and hold on to it.

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If you're not near a table or desk, cover your face and head with your arms; and

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stand or crouch in a strongly supported doorway OR . . .

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brace yourself in an inside corner of the house or building.

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Stay clear of windows or glass that could shatter or objects that could fall on you.

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Remember: If inside, stay inside. Many people are injured at entrances of buildings by falling debris.

Evacuation Plans

If an earthquake occurs, you may need to evacuate a damaged area afterward. By planning and practicing for evacuation, you will be better prepared to respond appropriately and efficiently to signs of danger or to directions by civil authorities.

·
Take a few minutes with your family to discuss a home evacuation plan. Sketch a floor plan of your home; walk through each room and discuss evacuation details.

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Plan a second way to exit from each room or area, if possible. If you need special equipment, such as a rope ladder, mark where it is located.

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Mark where your emergency food, water, first aid kits, and fire extinguishers are located.

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Mark where the utility switches or valves are located so that they can be turned off, if possible.

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Indicate the location of your family's emergency outdoor meeting place.

Establish Priorities

Take time before an earthquake strikes to write an emergency priority list, including:

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important items to be hand-carried by you

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other items, in order of importance to you and your family

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items to be removed by car or truck if one is available

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things to do if time permits, such as locking doors and windows, turning off the utilities, etc.

Write Down Important Information

Make a list of important information and put it in a secure location. Include on your list:

·
important telephone numbers, such as police, fire, paramedics, and medical centers

·
the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of your insurance agents, including policy types and numbers

·
the telephone numbers of the electric, gas, and water companies

·
the names and telephone numbers of neighbors

·
the name and telephone number of your landlord or property manager

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important medical information, such as allergies, regular medications, etc.

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the vehicle identification number, year, model, and license number of your automobile, boat, RV, etc.

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your bank's or credit union's telephone number, account types, and numbers

·
radio and television broadcast stations to tune to for emergency broadcast information

Gather and Store Important Documents in a Fire-Proof Safe

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Birth certificates

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Ownership certificates (automobiles, boats, etc.)

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Social Security cards

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Insurance policies

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Wills

·
Household inventory, including:

o
list of contents

o
photographs of contents of every room

o
photographs of items of high value, such as jewelry, paintings, collectors' items

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jc2005

Thanks for the info.