【分享】从CCTV青年歌手大赛视唱练耳看音乐“童子功”

malindalu

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.5"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">近日的CCTV青年歌手大赛</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">决赛</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">如火如荼。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">由于加入了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New Roman">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">视唱练耳</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><font face="Times New Roman">”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">的专业环节，在原先负责点评的位置上多了一个位置，在徐沛东和余秋雨的身边，中央音乐学院视唱练耳教研室主任赵易山教授，由他来负责这个环节的点评。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"></span><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><font face="宋体" size="3">此次决赛参赛选手惟一遗憾的就是，在<span lang="EN-US">“</span>文化艺术知识和视唱练耳的测试<span lang="EN-US">”</span>中的表现明显不尽人意，即便文化艺术知识掌握的不足，算是有情可原，但是有关音乐专业知识有的选手竟然无言以对，茫然若失，不能不说是一份遗憾。此次赛事选手所表现出来的问题，其实不只是存在于声乐专业或是音乐领域，它在艺术界具有普遍性。在视唱练耳方面，一直以来，无论在音乐学院还是在演出院团，它常常是声乐工作者们的<span lang="EN-US">“</span>软肋<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，这是一个不争的事实。<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 28.5pt"><font face="宋体">我们认为这里很大原因是大部分人年龄稍长才开始学习声乐，缺乏儿时造就的音乐<span lang="EN-US">“</span>童子功<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。其实好的音高，节奏能力，唱歌的音准在幼儿时期是很容易训练出来的。很多<span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">利用我们的《音乐小贵族》对孩子进行过一段游戏听觉训练的家长都反应，他们的孩子对比赛中</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span>视唱练耳<span lang="EN-US">”</span>中的<span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">听两段乐曲找不同，都能说出点名堂，模唱时主旋律也基本能抓住。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">附：具有绝对音高能力有什么优势？</span> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">具有绝对音高能力的人可以更好地演奏音乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 54.0pt" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">·<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">凭借良好的内心听觉他（她）可以快速记住并演奏音乐曲目；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 54.0pt" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">·<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">他（她）可以在声音和琴键之间形成条件反射，老师唱一个音他马上可以弹出来，同时记住旋律的能力特别强；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 54.0pt" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">·<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">他（她）可以轻而易举的记住音符并象放电影一样在脑子里演奏。他可以演奏更大型的曲目，因为他能同时记住很多部分；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 54.0pt" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">·<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">他（她）更自信，在公众面前演出时不会过于紧张而兴奋；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 54.0pt" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">·<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">需要更短的时间练习和记忆曲目；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 54.0pt" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">·<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">能够更好地表演，能够更好地理解乐曲的结构和内容；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 54.0pt" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">·<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&