【悬空寺】

江湖

中国古建筑的奇迹—悬空寺<span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">悬空寺，位于恒山脚下，在浑源悬城城南五公里处的金龙峡内西岩峭壁上。自古以来，这里一直被列为北岳恒山的第一奇观。悬空寺，悬挂在北岳恒山金龙峡西侧翠屏峰的半崖峭壁间，始建于北魏太和15年(公元491年)，始建初期，最高处的三教殿离地面90米，因历年河床淤积，现仅剩58米。1957年列为山西省重点文物保护单位，1982年，列入全国重点文物保护单位。整个寺院，上载危崖，下临深谷，背岩依龛，寺门向南，以西为正。全寺为木质框架式结构，依照力学原理，半插横梁为基，巧借岩石暗托，梁柱上下一体，廊栏左右紧联。仅152.5平米的面积建有大小房屋40间。悬空寺的总体布局以寺院、禅房、佛堂、三佛殿、太乙殿、关帝庙、鼓楼、钟楼、伽蓝殿、送子观音殿、地藏王菩萨殿、千手观间殿、释迦殿、雷音殿、三官殿、纯阳宫、栈道、三教殿、五佛殿等。殿楼的分布都对称中有变化，分散中有联络，曲折回环，虚实相生，小巧玲珑，空间丰富，层次多变，小中见大，不觉为弹丸之地，布局紧凑，错落相依，其布局既不同于平川寺院的中轴突出，左右对称，也不同于山地宫观依山势逐步升高的格局，均依崖壁凹凸，审形度势，顺其自然，凌空而构，看上去，层叠错落，变化微妙，使形体的组合和空间对比达到了井然有序的艺术效果。远望悬空寺，像一付玲珑剔透的浮雕，镶嵌在万仞峭壁间，近看悬空寺，大有凌空欲飞之势。登临悬空寺，攀悬梯，跨飞栈，穿石窟，钻天窗，走屋脊，步曲廊，几经周折，忽上忽下，左右回旋，仰视一线青天，俯首而视，峡水长流，叮咚成曲，如置身于九天宫阙，犹如腾云皈梦。 悬空寺不仅外貌惊险，奇特、壮观，建筑构造也颇具特色，形式丰富多彩，屋檐有单檐、重檐、三层檐，结桅构有抬梁结构、平顶结构、斗拱结构，屋顶有正脊、垂脊、戗脊、贫脊。总体外观，巧构宏制，重重叠叠，造成一种窟中有楼，楼中有穴，半壁楼殿半壁窟，窟连殿，殿连楼的独特风格，它既融合了我国园林建筑艺术，又不失我国传统建筑的格局。 <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_292050324082765621801.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3020503240827171265624.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_31205032408275152422712.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3120503240827890846314.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3120503240827312713111.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3020503240827718185177.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3120503240827015286139.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3320503240827031567521.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3320503240827296821423.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_31205032408271712794410.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3020503240827562318286.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3020503240827859125378.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_33205032408271562930622.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_33205032408276402975225.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /> <img src="http://news.xinhuanet.com/photo/2006-05/24/xin_3120503240827671802113.jpg" border="0" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.src);" alt= style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="javascript:if(this.width>screen.width-500)this.style.width=screen.width-500;" /></span>