儿童发展关键期

linkspeed

<p class="listterm">我见过的, 对关键期最好的描述.   <p class="listterm">5.<span> </span><!--[endif]-->The development of children unfolds along individual pathways whose trajectories are characterized by continuities and discontinuities, as well as by a series of significant transitions. The process of development is essentially a process of change. In some cases (e.g., increasing memory functions), that change appears to be gradual, cumulative, and continuous.   <p class="listterm">In other cases (e.g., the beginning of expressive language and self-awareness in the second year), the gains are so far-reaching that they represent a qualitative discontinuity from what has come before (Brim and Kagan, 1980; Rutter and Rutter, 1993). Such transformations are often referred to as developmental transitions. These transitional phases, which may be either smooth or characterized by stress and turmoil, have been viewed as important periods of psychological reorganization that provide useful opportunities for intervention (Brazelton, 1992). Developmental transitions occur throughout the life span, but in the early childhood years they are more frequent and involve profound psychobiological changes.   <p class="bodytextfp">A developmental transition can be thought of as a time when change is pervasive and enduring, and when it involves a major reorientation in how a child relates to the environment. It is a time when the emotional communication between children and caregivers is particularly significant (Emde, 1998). Developmental transitions are periods of psychological disequilibrium that reflect elements of both the stage that is being completed and the stage that is about to begin. The intense negativism of toddlers, who are attempting to reconcile strong feelings of attachment to their parents and a powerful drive for personal autonomy, is a familiar example of this complex phenomenon. These issues are taken up in more detail in Part II.

www_sun

支持搂住

watercatcx

看到这，想起我和一个朋友谈的要教孩子第二门外语，想2，3岁，我知道那时是关键期，但真的不会引起孩子的混乱吗？我有点疑问！

jackxiao

linkspeed:能否帮忙翻译一下你转的文章，不用求&ldquo;雅&rdquo;，能看明白就成，我和这里的有些人基本上是英语弱智，代表他们一起谢谢你啊！！

linkspeed

<p class="listterm"><u>你能看的懂我的中文翻译, 我就很高兴了.</u> <p class="listterm">5. <!--[endif]-->The development of children unfolds along individual pathways whose trajectories are characterized by continuities and discontinuities, as well as by a series of significant transitions. The process of development is essentially a process of change. In some cases (e.g., increasing memory functions), that change appears to be gradual, cumulative, and continuous. In other cases (e.g., the beginning of expressive language and self-awareness in the second year), the gains are so far-reaching that they represent a qualitative discontinuity from what has come before (Brim and Kagan, 1980; Rutter and Rutter, 1993).  <p class="listterm">儿童的发展沿着个人的路径展开, 其轨迹的特点有连续性, 不连续性和一系列显著的过渡期. 发展的过程本质上是变化的过程. 在某些情况下, 变化表现为逐步的, 积累的和连续的. 在某些情况下(例如:语言表达和2岁时的 自我表现意识), 变化结果影响太广泛了, 以至于他们与已发生的现象相比表现为性质上的不连续. <p class="listterm">Linkspeed批: 这意思是指变化过程其实一直在进行, 只不过在表现上出现不连续性. 因此对<u>某些事情</u>我们不应该等到变化显现出来在进行某些刺激, 而是应该持续不断的进行. 而不是 &quot;敏感期不到就不做敏感期到了赶紧做&quot;      <p class="listterm">Such transformations are often referred to as developmental transitions. These transitional phases, which may be either smooth or characterized by stress and turmoil, have been viewed as important periods of psychological reorganization that provide useful opportunities for intervention (Brazelton, 1992). Developmental transitions occur throughout the life span, but in the early childhood years they are more frequent and involve profound psychobiological changes. <p class="listterm">这些变化经常被引用为&quot;发展过渡期&quot;. 这些变化阶段, 可以是平滑的, 或者以压力和混乱为特点的, 已经被看作是心理重整的重要时期. 它可以给调介提供有用的机会. 发展过渡期在整个生命周期都发生, 但是在儿童早期, 它们更经常发生而且包含了极大的精神生物的变化.      <p class="bodytextfp">A developmental transition can be thought of as a time when change is pervasive and enduring, and when it involves a major reorientation in how a child relates to the environment. It is a time when the emotional communication between children and caregivers is particularly significant (Emde, 1998). Developmental transitions are periods of psychological disequilibrium that reflect elements of both the stage that is being completed and the stage that is about to begin. The intense negativism of toddlers, who are attempting to reconcile strong feelings of attachment to their parents and a powerful drive for personal autonomy, is a familiar example of this complex phenomenon.   <p class="bodytextfp">发展过渡期可以看作1个变化普遍持久发生的时期和一个包含了儿童对周围环境的重要重定位的时期.  这个时期, 孩子和照顾她的人之间感情的交流特别的重要. 发展过度时期是精神生物的不均衡期, 反映了处于完成阶段的元素和处于开始阶段的元素. 刚会走路的幼儿, 正企图调和自我自治和对父母的附属关系, 的强烈的违拗症, 是一个这个复杂现象的熟知的例子.  <p class="bodytextfp">

ray

谢谢 Linkspeed.

npapen

好贴啊我要

霞儿飞

受益匪浅!

ninimami

比对我家宝宝，结果一致

jackxiao

linkspeed:辛苦辛苦！！基本上看明白了，谢谢啊！！