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9月17日
豆豆今天看的书,哈考特第二级,关于水的三态变化的。我们昨天做了实验,把水冻成冰,把水烧开变成水蒸气,今天正好读这个英文读物。我打印了书,提取了音频。
A Matter of Change
Mix It Up!
You make a mixture when you mix together kinds of matter. Fruit salad is a mixture of solids.
Substances in a mixture do not become other substances. In fruit salad, pieces of apples are still apples. Pieces of oranges are still oranges.
You can make a mixture from two liquids. Chocolate syrup and milk make chocolate milk. You can also make a mixture from different gases.
Mixtures can mix matter from different states, too. Salt water is a mixture of a liquid and a solid—water and salt. Bubbly drinks mix liquids and gases.
Three Forms of Water
Water is the only matter that is naturally found in three forms—solid, liquid, or gas.
Water changes from a liquid to a solid when enough heat is taken away. Think about putting water into the freezer. When water becomes very cold, it changes to ice!
Ice is water in its solid form. When water is a solid, it has its own shape.
Ice melts when its temperature is high enough. Think about an ice cube in the sun. It turns from a solid to a liquid. It does not have its own shape anymore.
Evaporation
Water can be a gas. The liquid can turn to a gas when enough heat is added to it. This change from liquid to gas is called evaporation.
You can see evaporation happen. Have you ever seen water boiling in a pot? The water seems to go away. The water is turning into a gas that mixes with the air. You are watching evaporation.
The water that evaporates becomes water vapor. It is in the air. You cannot see it.
When water is a gas, it is called water vapor.
Condensation
Water can change from a gas back to a liquid. This change is called condensation. When enough heat is taken away from water vapor, it changes to water.
You can see condensation happen. Have you ever seen tiny drops of water on the outside of a cold glass? The cold glass takes heat from the air around it. This changes the water vapor into a liquid.
The tiny drops of water on the outside of the glass were water vapor only seconds ago.
Changing Properties
Properties of things can change when they are heated or cooled. Water can be a solid, a liquid, or a gas. These states depend on water’s temperature. Water can even change so we can not see it when it becomes a gas.
Summary
You can put different kinds of matter together to make mixtures. Water can be a solid, a liquid, or a gas. Water’s properties depend on how much heat is taken from it or added to it.
[ 本帖最后由 忘忧草2000 于 2009-9-17 09:57 编辑 ] |
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