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简单翻译如下：
对doman的批评在医疗界非常广泛，大多将其视为伪科学。其中，最有力的批评来自美国儿科学会。早在1968年，美国儿科学会残疾儿童委员会就针对doman的patterning理论发出了告诫。在1982年，他们又更新并重复了如此的告诫。在1999年，他们在立场声明中又发出了警告，而且分别在2002年和2005年两次重申。
美国儿科学会在其声明中对doman治疗儿童神经损害的方法进行了评论。他们认为doman的治疗是建立在过时的和过于简化的关于脑发展的理论上。目前所掌握的信息无法支持doman的方法是有效的，而且认为继续使用他的方法是毫无疗效保证的。
由于doman的方法对家庭经济的要求很高，而且家长的期望值也高。所以，家庭的财力往往会被耗尽，亲子关系也会非常紧张。Kathleen Ann Quill在他的书中写道：“数千家庭浪费了时间与金钱在doman的方法上。人们从doman的治疗方法中学不到任何东西，却能从他的商业策略中学到很多。他利用的是父母的希望和幻想。”
Martha Farrell Erickson and Karen Marie Kurz-Riemer进一步讨论了doman法对于正常婴儿的效果。他们认为doman利用了婴儿潮时代父母望子成龙的心理，提出了开发脑潜能的方案。然而，他的方案是建立在伪科学的基础上，没有任何研究证据，绝大多数儿童发展专家认为他的方案是无用的，甚至是有害的。
顺便说说美国儿科协会。他成立于1930年，是由60位儿童健康方面的专家发起。在此后的70多年间，美国儿科协会已经成为拥有6万名成员的组织。这些成员主要是儿科医生和专家。
Criticism of the Doman-Delacato method is widespread in the medical establishment, many of whom regard it as quackery. One of the most vocal is the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Their Committee on Children With Disabilities has issued warnings regarding patterning as early as 1968. They updated and repeated their warnings in 1982. The latest cautionary "policy statement" from them was in 1999, which was reaffirmed in 2002 and 2005:[10]
"This statement reviews patterning as a treatment for children with neurologic impairments. This treatment is based on an outmoded and oversimplified theory of brain development. Current information does not support the claims of proponents that this treatment is efficacious, and its use continues to be unwarranted." "the demands and expectations placed on families are so great that in some cases their financial resources may be depleted substantially and parental and sibling relationships could be stressed." Kathleen Ann Quill, in her book "Teaching children with autism: What parents want",[11] says "thousands of families have wasted time and money to follow Doman's methods." She goes on to say "Professionals have nothing to learn from Doman's pseudoscientific treatments, but they have plenty to learn from his marketing strategy", which is aimed at parent's "hopes and fantasies".
Martha Farrell Erickson and Karen Marie Kurz-Riemer discuss Early Intervention with "Normal Infants and Toddlers" in their book "Infants Toddlers and Families".[12] They claim Doman "capitalized on the desires of members of the "baby boom" generation to maximise their children's intellectual potential" and "encouraged parents to push their infants to develop maximum brain power". However his programs were "based on shaky or nonexistent research evidence" and "most child development experts at the time described many aspects of the program as useless and perhaps even harmful."
Martin Robards also cites criticism in his book "Running a Team for Disabled Children and Their Families"[13] but concedes that Doman and Delacato caused paediatricians and therapists to recognise that early intervention programs are needed.
Steven Novella, MD is a neurologist who has criticized the technique in an article called Psychomotor Patterning: An Expose of a Cruel Pseudoscience. The conclusion is reproduced here:
The Doman-Delacato patterning technique is premised on a bankrupt and discarded theory and has failed when tested under controlled conditions. Its promotion with unsubstantiated claims can cause significant financial and emotional damage. Such claims can instill false hope in many people who are already plagued by guilt and depression, setting them up for a further disappointment, guilt, and feelings of inadequacy. The process can also waste their time, energy, emotion, and money. These resources may be taken away from their children. Parents can also be distracted from dealing with the situation in other practical ways and coping psychologically as a family with the reality of having a brain-injured or mentally retarded child. Parents are encouraged, in fact, to remain in a state of denial while they are pursuing a false cure.
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[ 本帖最后由 education2008 于 2007-7-27 18:29 编辑 ] |
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