【原創】中學數學教育的新潮流-CASE STUDY FOR KIDS

jiangmingdar · 发表于 2006-4-18 23:41:00

最近接觸到美國一個新的數學教育方法，感覺它的教學模式相當先進，目前台灣教育部正在推行這部份的教學，有一些資優班也開始採取了類似的教學模式，因為覺得這種教學法相當程度上，很能激發孩子的高階思考能力，於是花了時間將一部份文件和教學文件中文化，現在這樣的東西介紹給大家，希望有人能喜歡。呵呵...

S:附件是原始WORD檔案第一部份--IBTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION / 介紹What are Case Studies for Kids? Case Studies for Kids are problem activities explicitly designed to help middle school students develop conceptual foundations for deeper and higher order ideas in mathematics as well as other disciplines. Each task asks students to mathematically interpret a complex real-world situation and requires the formation of a mathematical description, procedure, or method for the purpose of making a decision for a realistic client. Because groups of students are producing a description, procedure, or method (instead of a one-word or one-number answer), students’ solutions to the task reveal explicitly how they are thinking about the given situation.為小孩們所設計的個案研究就是一個解決問題的活動。透過這樣的活動，中學生們可以發展出適用於更高深數學概念和其他一些訓練的’一些基礎概念。在每個任務中，學生被要求以數學的觀點來解釋一個實際生活中所發生的複雜情境；然後學生最後必須形成一套數學的描述、數學的程序或數學的方法，然後在現實生活中哂眠@個方法來解決問題。因為這樣的過程牽涉到的是一群學生共同來產生一個描述、形成程序或方法 (這取代了平常上課時只用一個字或一個數字來回應的狀況)，所以學生們解決問題的方式可以明確地顯示出，學生是如何想出適合於特定情境下的解題策略。 / 為小孩們所設計的個案研究就是一個解決問題的活動。透過這樣的活動，中學生們可以發展出適用於更高深數學概念和其他一些訓練的’一些基礎概念。在每個任務中，學生被要求以數學的觀點來解釋一個實際生活中所發生的複雜情境；然後學生最後必須形成一套數學的描述、數學的程序或數學的方法，然後在現實生活中哂眠@個方法來解決問題。因為這樣的過程牽涉到的是一群學生共同來產生一個描述、形成程序或方法 (這取代了平常上課時只用一個字或一個數字來回應的狀況) ，所以學生們解決問題的方式可以明確地顯示出，學生是如何想出適合於特定情境下的解題策略。 Each case study consists of four components: / 每件個案研究有四個組成要件:1) Newspaper article: Students read the newspaper article to become familiar with the context of the problem.1) 報紙文章: 學生透過閱讀報紙文章來熟悉問題情境。 2) Readiness questions: Students answer these reading comprehension questions about the newspaper article to become even more familiar with the context. 2) 預備問題:讀完報紙的文章之後，學生被要求回答有關於文章的問題；透過這個提問和回答的過程，學生會對問題的整個來龍去脈更加熟悉。 3) Problem statement: In groups of three, students work on the problem statement for 60 – 90 minutes. 3) 陳述問題：學生們分為三個一組，利用60-90分鐘的時間來處理所陳述的問題。 4) Process of sharing solutions: Each group writes their solution in a letter to the client. Then, each group presents their solution to the class. Whole class discussion is intermingled with these presentations to discuss the different solutions, the mathematics involved, and the effectiveness of the different solutions in meeting the needs of the client.4) 共享解決方案的過程：最後，每一組必須將他們的解決方案寫在一封寄給當事人的信中。接著，每一組在班上呈現他們解決辦法。然後整個班級再針對下面幾項重點進行綜合討論：解題過程中使用了哪些數學概念、哪一個解答比較有效、哪一個解答比較符合當事人的需要….。 In totality, each case study takes approximately 3-5 class periods to implement. 整體而言，每件個案研究大約需花費3-5節課的時間來進行。 CLASSROOM IMPLEMENTATION SUGGESTIONS FOR “CASE STUDIES FOR KIDS” RECOMMENDED SUPPLIES (depending on the actual activity implemented):· Overhead transparencies and transparency markers/pens· Calculators· Rulers, scissors, tape· Markers, colored pencils, pencils· Construction paper, graph paper, lined paper· Paper towels or kleenex (for cleaning transparencies)<b

jiangmingdar · 发表于 2006-4-18 23:47:20

第二部份-教學文件<div class="Section1"> <div class="Section1">Expert Tracker Shares His Experiences / 動物追蹤者專家的經驗分享 </div><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><br style="

AGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break" clear="all" /><div class="Section2">Toms River, NJ- Native son and widely known tracker Tom Brown has had sixteen books published and currently trains others to be trackers at his tracker school. Since 1978, people have come from all over the world to the Tracker School to learn the science and art of tracking from Tom and his highly trained staff. / Toms River, NJ，一個廣為人知的本地追蹤者。他出版過十六本關於追蹤的書籍，目前任職於追蹤者訓練學校。這學校幫助訓練其他的學員成為新一代的追蹤者。自從 1978 以後, 來自全世界的人們進入這所追蹤者學校，跟隨著湯姆和他的訓練團隊學習各種追蹤的科學與技術。 Tom began his journey as a tracker at a young age. While growing up in the Pine Barrens in eastern New Jersey, he spent many hours exploring the beauty and power of the natural world. It was there he met Rick, who became his best friend and fellow nature explorer. Rick introduced him to his grandfather, Stalking Wolf, an Apache tracker, who became Tom’s mentor. He passed on his knowledge and skills to these two boys for many years. / 湯姆是在很年輕的時候就已經成為一個追蹤者了。當他在紐澤西州東部

ine Barrens生活時，他花了許多的時間探索自然世界的力與美。就在那時他遇見了瑞克－他最好的朋友和探索自然的同伴。瑞克將湯姆介紹給他的祖父Stalking Wolf。瑞克的祖父Stalking Wolf是一個阿帕契族的追蹤者, 他後來變成了湯姆的老師。Stalking Wolf花了幾年的時間將他的追蹤知識和追蹤技術傳給這二個男孩。The hours Tom, Rick, and Stalking Wolf spent in the wilderness taught Tom to understand and respect nature. One thing he learned about himself was his gift for tracking. Tom spent hours tracking a number of animals and learning about them through quiet, detailed observation. These hours spent learning to track gave Tom the ability to observe a track and make predictions about whom or what made it. /這一段湯姆、瑞克以及瑞克的祖父Stalking Wolf一起在荒野中的經歷，讓湯姆學會了解自然、並且尊敬自然。於此同時，湯姆也發現了他自己對於「追蹤」這項能力的天份。湯姆曾經花了數小時追蹤一些動物，然後透過安靜、詳細的觀測來認知些動物。因為這段學習「追蹤」的經歷，湯姆開始變的有能力去觀察一個足跡，並且能夠預測是誰留下了這個足跡？什麼原因造成這樣的足跡？As he followed tracks, he would notice the pattern they took and the depth of them. These told a story about the animal’s behavior, for example a track that had a deeper toe indentation told Tom that the animal was running. Other clues that Tom would look for included the toeing marks, sideward ridges on the tracks, the length of the stride, and the size of the track. Being able to read the tracks and know the story they told came after observing the animals in similar situations. / 當湯姆跟隨著動物足跡前進時,他會注意到足跡所形成的圖案、以及這些圖案的深度，這些遺留下來的線索彷彿訴說著有關於這些動物的故事。舉例來說，從一個較深的腳趾壓痕足跡，湯姆能夠判斷出這是動物奔跑所造成的結果。其他湯姆還會找尋的線索包括：行走時趾尖方向的痕跡、足跡側面脊的斜度、步幅的長度、和足跡的大小。能夠讀懂這些足跡並且能夠清楚的知道足跡所透露出故事，這些都是湯姆曾經在類似的情況中觀察動物而得到的能力。 Tom

jiangmingdar · 发表于 2006-4-19 07:52:48

<div class="Section1">報紙文章: 排球冠軍 </div><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><br style="

AGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break" clear="all" /><div class="Section2">Huntington, 在數年內,排球已經在一些中學是秋天學期的焦點。他們的成功卻意外地尚未到來。偉大的領導和優良的訓練也已經成功的幫助這二所學校廣為人知。 Mishawaka 高中的教練史密斯將他球隊的成功歸因於他們的工作道德規範。 Muncie Burris and Mishawaka High School in Indiana are perennially among the best in the nation. Their success has not come by accident. Great leadership and excellent coaching have helped to put these two schools on the map for their success. Coach Smith of Mishawaka High School attributes his team’s success to their work ethic. 每個早晨邉訂T進來練習舉重。 每星期邉訂T和教練還有一次影片觀摩學習時間，他們一起研究競爭者的技術和特色。除了舉重訓練和影片觀摩之外，球隊成員一星期練習六天。Each morning the athletes come in to lift weights. Once a week, athletes and coaches at each school study films to observe techniques and to watch traits of their competitors. In addition to lifting weights and watching films, the teams practice six days a week.不只這些球員練習的認真,他們對於繼續保持獲勝的傳統有具有強大的企圖心。在接受訪問時，, 在每個學校的球員都談到他們感覺有義務使這樣的得勝的傳統延續下去。"我們覺得，對於之前努力過的前輩，這是我們欠他們的" Mariana Sailors的 Muncie Burris這麼說 。 "他們是如此成功，而且我們就是不想要使他們失望。”Not only do the athletes work hard, they also have strong attitudes about keeping alive their winning streaks. Upon being interviewed, athletes at each school point to the fact that they feel an obligation to keep the winning tradition alive. “We feel like we owe it to the girls that preceded us,” states of Muncie Burris. “They were so successful and we just don’t want to disappoint them.” 邉訂T和教練還一致同意夏天的排球夏令營對於他們的勝利有極大的幫助。 這夏令營在每年六月的第二個星期到第四個星期於Huntington</font

阳阳妈妈爱阳阳 · 发表于 2006-4-20 09:55:23

非常感谢楼主提供的资料!如果还有请继续,我坐着沙发等.

lhh77 · 发表于 2006-4-20 15:35:33

非常谢谢

zhoutou · 发表于 2006-4-23 20:07:04

非常感谢！

liaoxiyu · 发表于 2006-4-24 22:13:43

楼主辛苦了

cissy666 · 发表于 2007-2-7 10:51:04

多谢楼主的分享, 很不错的东东哦!

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